Knowledge-based geoecological mapping for sustainable land management in Khuvsgul region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5564/mjgg.v62i46.4129Keywords:
Geoecological mapping, Land management, Landscape evolutionAbstract
Geoecological mapping plays a critical role in advancing sustainable land management by enabling the integration of geological, geomorphological, and ecological dynamics. This study elaborated a geoecological map by incorporating detailed geomorphological and ecological information using a knowledge-based mapping approach. The methodology combines rule-based logic, expert interpretation, and the integration of various spatial datasets. Geological relationships, including stratigraphic sequences, lithological associations, and fault structures were encoded within a rule-based framework to ensure spatial and conceptual coherence. Expert knowledge, we derived from pre-existing geological and geomorphological data and supported by conceptual models, guided manual digitization and semi-automated interpretation processes. Multi-source datasets, including satellite imagery, digital elevation models (DEMs), and seismological layers, were integrated using domain-specific reasoning strategies. Geoecological units were delineated by considering the combined cumulative effects of three primary driving forces: (1) endogenic factors, stemming from deep-seated geodynamic processes such as tectonics and seismic activity; (2) exogenic factors, related to surface processes such as weathering, erosion, and mass movement; and (3) technogenic factors, resulting from human-induced changes including land use alterations, infrastructure development, and resource exploitation. The final geoecological map offers a robust analytical framework for understanding landscape evolution, assessing environmental vulnerability, and supporting evidence-based decision-making in land-use planning and natural resource management.
Downloads
115
References
[1] E. A. Kozlovsky, “The System of Geological Mapping in the USSR,” Soviet Geology and Geophysics, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 1–16, 1986.
[2] G. Haase, “Geoecological mapping for sustainable land use planning,” Ecol. Model., vol. 107, no. 2–3, pp. 347–356, 1998.
[3] J. C. Otto and M. J. Smith, “Geomorphological mapping,” in Treatise on Geomorphology, vol. 3, J. F. Shroder, Ed. Elsevier, pp. 1–12, 2013.
[4] J. Schmidt and R. Dikau, “Geomorphological landform mapping with fuzzy logic and object-based image analysis,” Earth Surf. Process. Landf., vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 591–607, 2005.
[5] L. Dragut and T. Blaschke, “Automated classification of landform elements using object-based image analysis,” Geomorphology, vol. 81, no. 3–4, pp. 330–344,2006. Available: doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.04.013
[6] J. Mennis, L. Liu, and C. Qiu, “Geographic information systems and the geosciences,” Comput. Geosci., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 165–166, 2005.
[7] E. Arnone et al., “A GIS-based tool for a knowledge-based approach to land suitability mapping,” Comput. Environ. Urban Syst., vol. 59, pp. 98–107, 2016.
[8] J. Chen, et al., “Rule-based expert systems for geological mapping: A review,” Earth-Sci. Rev., vol. 219, p. 103691, 2021.
[9] J. A. Zinck, “An integrated geo-ecological approach for land use planning and resource management,” ITC J., vol. 2, pp. 147–167, 2012.
[10] L. E. Petrov, A. M. Ivankov, and Y. G. Baranov, “Technogenic transformation of landscapes and geoecological consequences,” Environ. Earth Sci., vol. 78, p. 123, 2019.
[11] European Space Agency, “Sentinel-2 User Handbook,” ESA, 2021.
[12] U.S. Geological Survey, “Landsat 8 (LDCM) Data Users Handbook,” USGS, 2020.
[13] NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, “Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM),” NASA, 2019.
[14] D. Chuluunbat, Y. Batchuluun and S. Tsentsen, “Report on the results of geological mapping work carried out in Khuvsgul aimag in 1974-1975 at a scale of 1:200,000,” National Geological Survey, 1977.
[15] U.S. Geological Survey ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat). [Online]. Available: https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards.
[16] D. Zanaga, et al., ESA WorldCover 10 m 2020 v100, 2021.
[17] P. Soille, Morphological Image Analysis: Principles and Applications, 2nd ed., Springer, 2003. Available: doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-05088-0
[18] R. J. Chorley, S. A. Schumm, and D. E. Sugden, Geomorphology, Methuen, 1984.
[19] G. Mallinis et al., “Evaluating remote sensing and GIS integration techniques for monitoring land-use change,” ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens., vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 3–12, 2007.
[20] A. Audin et al., “Active tectonics in the Andes,” Tectonophysics, vol. 345, pp. 1–4, 2002.
[21] D. J. Varnes, “Slope movement types and processes,” Landslides: Analysis and Control, TRB Special Report 176, pp. 11–33, 1978.
[22] J. A. Foley et al., “Global consequences of land use,” Science, vol. 309, no. 5734, pp. 570–574, 2005. Available: doi: 10.1126/science.1111772
[23] S. G. Drury, Image Interpretation in Geology, 3rd ed., Nelson Thornes, 2001.
[24] M. Batsaikhan, B. Boldgiv, and M. Samiylenko, “Geoecological zoning and landscape assessment of the Khuvsgul Lake region,” Geography and Natural Resources, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 245–253, 2020.
[25] J. Badarch, W. D. Cunningham, and B. F. Windley, “A new terrane subdivision for Mongolia: implications for the Phanerozoic crustal growth of Central Asia,” Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 87–110, 2003. Available: doi: 10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00017-2
[26] E. Dorjnamjaa and S. Chimedtseren, “Geological structure and evolution of the Lake Khuvsgul area,” Bulletin of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 2016.
[27] D. Batjargal and N. Enkhjargal, “Soil and vegetation characteristics of the taiga-steppe transition zone in northern Mongolia,” Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 7, pp. 1–10, 2016.
[28] M. H. Schmidt, A. A. Gunin, and M. Klinge, “Vegetation dynamics and soil properties in Mongolia's mountain forest-steppe ecotone,” Journal of Vegetation Science, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 788–799, 2013.
[29] H. Gombojav and D. P. L. Hessl, “Permafrost degradation and vegetation change in the taiga of northern Mongolia,” Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 46–58, 2018.
[30] M. Fernández-Giménez, “The role of Mongolian nomadic pastoralists’ ecological knowledge in rangeland management,” Ecological Applications, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1318–1326, 2000. Available: doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[1318:TROMNP]2.0.CO;2
[31] A. Bayasgalan, J. Jackson, J. F. Ritz, and S. Carretier, “Forearc faulting in Mongolia: the 1967 Mogod earthquake,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol. 104, no. B1, pp. 173–193, 1999.
[32] J. Kim, S. Park, and B. T. Batbuyan, “Integrating geospatial and ecological approaches for sustainable land use planning in Mongolia,” Environmental Management, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 320–334, 2019.
[33] A. Bayasgalan, J. Jackson, “A re‐assessment of the faulting in the 1967 Mogod earthquakes in Mongolia” Geophysical Journal International, vol. 138, no. 3, pp. 784–800, 2019, Available: doi: 10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00907.x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Boldbaatar Natsagdorj, Bayartungalag Batsaikhan, Amarsaikhan Damdinsuren, Khaliuna Sukhbat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright on any research article in the Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology is retained by the author(s).
The authors grant the Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.
Articles in the Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology are Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY.
This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
